The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has joined with other UN agencies in calling for concerted action from the international community to address the deeply concerning problem of the loss of life, injury, trauma and serious human rights violations affecting migrants, asylum-seekers and refugees traveling by sea.
In a joint statement, IMO, along with the International Organization for Migration (IOM), the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), said that closer cooperation between States of origin, transit and destination, and other relevant actors, was critical to reducing loss of life at sea, addressing the drivers of dangerous sea journeys, as well as ensuring that responses by States upon arrival and disembarkation uphold human rights and dignity, and address specific needs for protection of migrants, asylum-seekers and refugees.
“Such cooperation is also critical to identifying, prosecuting and punishing the criminal gangs who are responsible for human rights abuses and for arranging sea transportation in breach of all safety regulations,” the statement said, noting that while the high frequency of incidents involving death in the Mediterranean has captured international attention, these tragedies are not only occurring in the Mediterranean, but in many locations around the globe. Behind the statistics of those rescued or lost at sea are individual stories of human tragedy and human rights violations throughout the migration process.
The joint statement was issued following a Plenary Panel on “Boat People in the Twenty-First Century”, which took place (on 10 December) during the seventh High Commissioner’s Dialogue on Protection Challenges (10-11 December 2014, Geneva, Switzerland), under the theme of “Protection at Sea”.
The statement stressed that the people undertaking these journeys were not criminals, but that those who exploit their need for protection or hope for a better future, putting lives at risk and violating human rights for profit, were acting illegally.
Speaking during the plenary panel in Geneva, IMO Secretary-General Koji Sekimizu acknowledged that the size and scale of situation in the Mediterranean Sea was becoming unmanageable, with 160,000 people rescued during 2014 by navies, coast guards and merchant vessels.
Mr. Sekimizu commended the actions of the rescuers, including the international shipping industry which had responded to the situation with the issuing of guidance, produced by the International Chamber of Shipping (ICS), on large scale rescue operations at sea.
“Throughout history, the oceans and seas have not prevented people migrating,” Mr. Sekimizu said. “But what we are talking about here is maritime migration in small boats, very unsafe, without safety regulations – sometimes carrying 500 people.”
Migrant smugglers relied on the long-standing maritime tradition enshrined in the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) of rescuing people in distress at sea. Merchant ships would continue to uphold this tradition, but there was a need for prompt and predictable disembarkation procedures, he said.
“Imagine a crew of a merchant vessel of 20 absorbing 500 people. Simply how to feed them…this is an immense problem,” Mr. Sekimizu said.
In considering solutions, Mr. Sekimizu highlighted the need to prevent people-smuggling, including the establishment of a database of the vessels involved in sea migration and the people behind them; and to consider alternatives, including regulated sea passage.
